The latest discoveries, results, and milestones from the global network of neutrino experiments — decoded and contextualised.
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole confirmed the detection of a neutrino with energy exceeding 10 PeV — the most energetic ever recorded, potentially originating from an active galactic nucleus billions of light-years away. The detection used the newly installed IceCube Upgrade sensors and represents a new frontier in high-energy astrophysics.
Canada's SNO+ experiment in the SNOLAB facility at Sudbury has successfully completed filling with liquid scintillator (linear alkylbenzene), dramatically boosting its sensitivity to reactor antineutrinos and rare neutrinoless double-beta decay events. The 1,000-ton detector now operates 2,100 metres underground.
The KM3NeT deep-sea detector array has independently confirmed an astrophysical neutrino flux consistent with IceCube's results, strengthening the case for extragalactic neutrino sources. The observation provides complementary sky coverage in the Southern Hemisphere, improving source localisation.
The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) has completed installation of the first liquid argon TPC module at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. The module represents the first of four planned 10,000-ton detectors and marks a major milestone in the LBNF/DUNE programme.
Combined analysis of Planck CMB data and DESI large-scale structure measurements places the tightest-ever cosmological upper bound on the sum of neutrino masses at 0.072 eV at 95% confidence. This approaches the minimum allowed by oscillation experiments and may challenge some extensions of the standard model.
Japan's T2K long-baseline experiment reports a 3.1-sigma preference for maximal CP violation (δCP ≈ −π/2) in the lepton sector, a potential clue to the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the universe. The result combines neutrino and antineutrino appearance data collected over the full T2K run.
The next decade will deliver transformative results. Here's what's coming.
An 8 km³ expansion of IceCube adding 120 new strings, a surface air-shower array, and a dense low-energy infill (PINGU). Will improve point-source sensitivity tenfold and access neutrinos above 10 PeV.
Japan's 260,000-ton next-generation water Cherenkov detector. Five times Super-K's volume. Primary physics: CP violation with T2HK beam, proton decay, supernova burst detection.
Fermilab sends the world's most intense neutrino beam 1,300 km to four 10,000-ton liquid argon detectors in South Dakota. Target: 5σ measurement of δ_CP and mass ordering.
ARCA (km³ astrophysics) and ORCA (oscillation physics) arrays in the Mediterranean reaching design sensitivity. Southern hemisphere sky coverage complements IceCube.
Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory: 20,000-ton liquid scintillator, 53 km from 26 GW of reactor power. Sub-percent precision oscillation measurements; mass ordering determination.
Upgraded Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino experiment targeting 0.2 eV neutrino mass sensitivity using cyclotron radiation emission spectroscopy (Project 8 spinoff technique).